Simple Present Tense
Used for actions happening regularly or general truths.
subject + main verb (+s or es if subject is third person singular) + object
Examples:
- I eat fruit every day.
- She plays the piano well.
- Dogs bark loudly.
- He always arrives on time.
- We usually go to the park on Sundays.
Indicators: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every day,regularly,daily,every week
Present Continuous Tense
Used for actions happening now or around now.
subject + am/is/are + main verb in present participle form(i.e. V1+ing) + object
Examples:
- I am reading a book.
- They are playing football.
- She is singing a song.
- We are studying for the exam.
- He is working on a project.
Indicators: Now, at the moment, currently, right now
Present Perfect Tense
Used for actions completed at an indefinite time or with a result in the present.
subject + has/have + main verb in past participle form + object
Examples:
- We have visited that museum.
- She has finished her homework.
- They have already eaten dinner.
- He has just returned from the trip.
- I have never been to London.
Indicators: Already, yet, ever, never, just,just now, recently
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Used for actions that started in the past and continue to the present.
subject + has been/have been +main verb in present participle form + object
Examples:
- He has been working for six hours.
- They have been talking for a while.
- We have been waiting for the bus since morning.
- She has been studying English for three years.
- I have been living in this city since 2010.
Indicators: For, since
Simple Past Tense
Used for actions completed in the past.
subject + main verb in past form + object
Examples:
- I ate pizza yesterday.
- We visited Paris last summer.
- She finished her project two days ago.
- They played soccer after school.
- He bought a new car in 2010.
Indicators: Yesterday, ago,last year/week, in 2005
Past Continuous Tense
Used for actions happening in the past over a period of time.
subject + was/were + main verb in present participle form(i.e. V1+ing) + object
Examples:
- I was studying when the phone rang.
- They were playing video games all evening.
- She was reading a book at 9 PM.
- We were watching a movie when it started raining.
- He was cooking dinner while I was watching TV.
Indicators: While, when
Past Perfect Tense
Used for actions completed before another past action.
subject + had + main verb in past participle form + object
Examples:
- I had already eaten before she arrived.
- They had left before I got there.
- She had finished her work by noon.
- We had seen that movie before.
- I had finished my work before the meeting started..
Indicators: Before,after, by the time
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Used for actions that were ongoing before and up to a certain past point.
subject + had been + main verb in present participle form + object
Examples:
- I had been working for hours before she called.
- They had been talking about the trip for weeks.
- She had been waiting at the station when the train arrived.
- We had been studying all night before the exam.
- He had been practicing the guitar for months before the concert.
Indicators: For, since,All day/week/month/year,how long
Simple Future Tense
Used for actions that will happen in the future.
subject + shall/will + main verb in present form + object
Examples:
- I will travel to Paris next year.
- She will start a new job next month.
- They will visit us over the weekend.
- We will finish the project by Friday.
- He will call you tomorrow.
Indicators: Tomorrow, next, in a year
Future Continuous Tense
Used for actions that will be ongoing at a specific future time.
subject + shall be/will be +main verb in present participle form + object
Examples:
- I will be studying when you arrive.
- They will be working on the project all afternoon.
- She will be cooking dinner at 7 PM.
- We will be traveling during the summer break.
- He will be giving a presentation at the conference.
Indicators: At, by
Future Perfect Tense
Used for actions that will be completed before a specific future time.
subject + shall have/will have + main verb in past participle form + object
Examples:
- I will have finished my work by 5 PM.
- They will have graduated by the time we meet again.
- She will have written the report by Friday.
- We will have lived in this city for ten years next month.
- He will have completed the course by the end of the semester.
Indicators: By, before
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Used for actions that will have been ongoing up to a specific future time.
subject + shall have/will have+ been +main verb in present participle form + object
Examples:
- I will have been working on this project for two months by the end of the year.
- They will have been living in the city for five years by next summer.
- She will have been studying English for three hours by the time you arrive.
- We will have been waiting for the bus for an hour by 7 PM.
- He will have been practicing the piano for a year by his concert date.
Indicators: For, since
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